ICH NGO Network

Inscribed in 2023 (https://ich.unesco.org/en/18com) on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage, Jamu is a wellness culture in the form of herbal medicine and traditional treatment heritage of the Indonesian people. Jamu culture has existed in Indonesia/Nusantara since the 8th Century CE. This is proven from relief carvings on Borobudur Temple (8TH Century) and ancient manuscripts (eg. Ramayana Kekawin, sarga 1-9, pada 989 (910 CE), Serat Centini 1814 M, and palm leaf manuscripts. Jamu is not the same as ordinary medicine, being for health, beauty, happiness, Jamu increases the body's immunity, maintains health and helps treat diseases, according to a heritage system.

The geographical location of jamu wellness culture encompasses the whole of Indonesia. Concentrations of jamu wellness culture are found in the provinces of Central Java, Yogyakarta Special Province and East Java. Jamu makers from Java have spread all over Indonesia. Traditional medicines are found in various regions in Indonesia with different names: Jamu, Jampi, Wejahan, Oesodo (JJava, Toraja) Loloh/Usada (Bali), Sanrego/Lamatu (Sulawesi), Ata Mbeko (Flores), Swansea (Papua), Banyu Kinca (Kalimantan), Bii (Papua), Batatamba (Banjarmasin, Kalimantan)

The scope of jamu wellness culture is traditional craftsmanship and cultural values associated with traditional natural medicines made from herbs and spices along with traditional methods of treatment which aim to promote health by increasing immunity through the eight stages of human life, for both females and males of all ages.

05-06-2024

Institutional and human capacities	The communities of jamu wellness culture consist of jamu makers or craftspersons, jamu distributors, suppliers of jamu ingredients, farmers who grow jamu ingredients, jamu experts, and those who like to consume or use jamu.
Transmission and education	Most communities interviewed admitted learning about jamu from their parents or grandparents, some learned from neighbors or were self taught. Most communities interviewed said they would teach jamu to their children or family members. Most said they would teach jamu to their employees or assistants. Clearly, all this time, jamu wellness culture is mostly taught informally, generally among family members, friends and neighbors. However, jamu is taught in universities, particularly in pharmacy faculties and other institutions eg.Surakarta Health Polytechnic, Jamu Studies. Some jamu experts who are university graduates include Dr. BRA Mooryati Soedibyo. Dr. Martha Tilaar, Prof Dr. Soetarjadi Apt., Prof. Dr. Bernard Widjaja, Indarto S.Pd, M.Kes, and Ni Luh Indrawati S.Farm, Apt.
Inventorying and research	a. Inventory of Intangible Cultural Heritage, Directorate of Safeguarding in Culture, Directorate General of Culturel, Ministry of Education, Culture. Reseach and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia b. Inscription of Intangible Cultural Heritage, Directorate of Safeguarding in Culture, Directorate General of Culturel, Ministry of Education, Culture. Reseach and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia. c. www.jamupedia,com.JAMUPEDIA Website, Jalan Derkuku No. 9, Manahan, Banjarsari, Surakarta, Central Java, from the private sector, also conducts jamu inventory through a website established in 2016. It currently comprises many web pages with numerous articles, videos, and images covering various aspects of jamu culture, including recipes, community activities, and herbal ingredients. Community members can submit data via email or directly through the website's interface. Jamupedia verifies and corrects community-submitted data as necessary. On average, two articles and two video tutorials are uploaded monthly. The website is available in both Indonesian and English
Policies as well as legal and administrative measures	In addition to registering Jamu Wellness Culture as UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage, the Government of Indonesia has also enacted several policies aimed at safeguarding Jamu Wellness Culture. Among these policies, three main ones stand out in efforts to protect, preserve, and utilize the Jamu Wellness Culture, namely: a. Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 54 of 2023 concerning the Development and Utilization of Jamu b. Law (UU) of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5 of 2017 concerning the Promotion of Culture, which includes jamu as one of the objects of cultural promotion c. Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 24 of 2018 concerning Licenses and Implementation of the Practice of Traditional Jamu Health Workers
Role of intangible cultural heritage and its safeguarding in society	Jamu wellness culture is related to the 2030 SDGs. Including No.3 Good Health and Wellbeing, which are clearly promoted by jamu. No.5 Gender Equality. Jamu involves both women and man without discrimination. More women are involved. No. 12 Responsible Consumption and Production. Jamu culture does not polute the environment and promotes the cultivation of medicinal plants used to make jamu. No. 16. Life on the Land (the environment). Jamu safeguards the environment by fully utilizing only natural ingredients.
Awareness raising	The Indonesian government and jamu communities are taking steps to promote jamu, including establishing associations or cooperatives and meeting regularly to discuss jamu matters. One other significant and ongoing effort is the establishment of the Jamupedia website (www.jamupedia.com), revised daily by the communities themselves. To further promote awareness of jamu, there are also events for drinking jamu together between makers and distributors, and it suggested that jamu be offered as a free welcome drink at hotels in Yogyakarta and Surakarta. Around 60 books have been written about jamu.15 of these books are referred to in the bibliography below. Many academic papers have also been written by pharmacy students about various aspects of jamu.
Engagement of communities, groups and individuals as well as other stakeholders	To get wider attention, some local governments and jamu communities designated ‘kampung jamu’ or ‘jamu village’ such as Kampung Jamu Wonolopo, Semarang, Pasar Jamu Sukoharjo, Pendopo Kiringan, Yogyakarta, Bekasi or Kuningan Barat, Jakarta. In those places, visitors can drink jamu on the spot, while learning the know-how of jamu making. Various stakeholders, including regional workshops, jamu makers, and jamu experts, are involved in this initiative. Notably, the Jamupedia has played a significant role, the institution aims to promote and preserve jamu as an intangible cultural heritage. They are involved in research, development, and nationwide promotion of jamu, emphasizing education about its cultural significance. Jamupedia has been hosting various jamu events since 2019, which include various sections and workshops to showcase jamu wellness culture significance, fostering both online and offline engagement and conversations through social media platforms.
International engagement	https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/jamu-wellness-culture-01972
References	1. Soedibyo, B.R.A. Mooryati, Alam Sumber Kesehatan Manfaat dan Kegunaan (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1998) 2. Jaya Suprana, A Short Introduction to Jamu. The Traditional Indonesian Way to Health, Beauty, And Happiness, (Jakarta: Jamu Jago, 2008) 3. Tilaar, Martha, Dr.; Wong Lip Wie; B.Pharm, M.Sc, Ph.D, Anna, Setiadi Ranti, Dr. rer nat, Apt, et al, The Green Science of Jamu, (Jakarta: Dian Rakyat, 2010) 4. Wuryaning Setyowati,, M. S.Ag Kes,, Mulyadi, Dr. S.Kom, MM, MBA, CHC, CCDd, Pengaruh Auto Suggesti dan Pemberian Jamu terhadap Kesembuhan Klien yang Terpapar Covid 19 Wenyi, (Jakarta: PT. Taman Dandeliion Indah, 2021) 5. Masyhari, M, SE, MM, Negeri Jamu, (Jakarta: Harfa Media Komunika, 2013) 6. Gardjito, Murdijati; Harmayani, Eni; Suharjono, Kamilia Indraputri, Jamu. Pusaka Penjaga Kesehatan Bangsa. Asli Indonesia (Yogyakarta: Gajah Mada University Press, 2018) 7. Beers, Susan-Jane, Jamu. The Ancient Indonesian Art of Herbal Healing, (Hong Kong: Periplus Editions, 2001) 8. Tilaar, Martha, Dr.; Widjaja, Bernard, Prof. Dr. Ir, The Tale of Jamu. The Green Gold of Indonesia, (Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2016) 9. Suparni, Ibunda; Wulandari, Ari, Herbal Nusantara, (Yogyakarta: Andi Publishing, 2012) 10. Romuli, Horatius, Romuli Sebastian, Jamu. 38 Racikan Jamu Nikmat Sehat Warisan Nenek Moyang, (Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2015) 11. Hanum, Musyri’ah et al, Pengobatan Tradisional dengan Jamu ala Kraton sebagai Warisan Turun Temurun, (Yogyakarta: Penerbit ANDI, 2011) 12. Sutarjadi, H,,Prof. Dr. Apt; Rahman, Abdul, Apt; Indrawati, Ni Luh, S.Farm, Apt, Jamu. Obat Asli Indonesia, Pusaka Leluhur, Warisan Nasional Bangsa, (Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2012) 13. Moeljono, MW, Prof. Dr, Etnofarmasi, (Yogyakarta: Deepublish, 2017) 14. Setiawan, Iwan dan Turangga, Renny, Ceritera Jamu. Warisan Kesehatan dan Kecantikan Indonesia (Jakarta: Yayasan Pikir Buat Nusantara, 2019) 15. Tilaar, Martha, Dr dan Widjaja, Bernard, Prof. Dr. Ir, The Power of Jamu, (Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2002)

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